Installing compiler

The easiest way is to install MonoDevelop from https://www.monodevelop.com/.

File extension

Standard extension for C# code is .cs. So one can create Hello.cs file with

using System;
namespace HelloWorld
{
    class Hello 
    {
        static void Main() 
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
        }
    }
}

Compile and run

In order to compile one has to write

mcs Hello.cs

and in order to run:

mono Hello.exe